My solution is this. I do not have voice mail on my cell phone, and on my land line I have a message recorder. When you call my house and you don't leave a message you are cut off. If I do hear you leaving a message and I recognize your voice I will pick-up. If not I just listen and delete the caller. On my cell phone, it will record a "missed call" and I just check to see who called and again if I don't know the caller, I just delete it.
My landline greeting message says to leave a name and number, if you don't you will never reach me, on the other hand if you do, I may still not respond to your call if I don't know you.
Note to Telemarketers: I have never in my life bought or ordered anything from a phone caller. So if you are going to call me and tell me I won a trip or contest, I never entered, you can take the long trip off a short pier.